A 2006 study focused on the effect of Wal-Mart stores on poverty rates found that an estimated 20,000 families nationwide had fallen below the official poverty line as a result of the chain's expansion. According to the study, the presence of a Wal-Mart was 'unequivocally associated' with smaller reductions in family-poverty rates in counties nationwide during the 1990s relative to places that had no stores. Additionally, during the last decade in counties with Wal-Mart stores, dependence on the food stamp program increased 15.3 percent.
St. Louis Business Journal
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